Issue 4 / 2018 
Article: The effect of process parameters on the electrospun polystyrene fibers
Authors: CRISTINA BANCIU, ADELA BĂRA, ELENA CHIȚANU, VIRGIL MARINESCU, GABRIELA SBÂRCEA, IOANA ION
Pages: 263-269
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1481
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Electrospinning is one of the methods for obtaining nano/microfibers, using polymeric solutions. These nanofibrous
membranes are highly porous with interconnected pores, having high specific surface area and small pore size, making
them a suitable candidate for filtration applications. The properties of electrospun fibers are influenced by polymer
solution, solvent, solution concentration, viscosity, electrical conductivity, electrical voltage, spinneret to collector
distance etc. Expanded polystyrene is a polymeric product that is usually used for insulation and packaging. Recycling
expanded polystyrene into nanofibers with applications in filtration could be useful from an economic point of view. The
purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of expanded polystyrene polymer solution characteristics
(concentration, viscosity) and the process parameters (applied voltage, distance between the tip and the collector plate,
flow rate of the polymer solution) on the morphology and the properties of the obtained electrospun fibers. Therefore,
three EPS solutions with 10, 15 and 20% wt. concentration were prepared and were electrospun under processing
conditions with an applied voltage of 12, 15 and 18 kV, a spinneret-to-collector distance of 20 cm, a flow rate of solution
of 1.5 and 2 mL/hour, a spinneret diameter of 0.8 mm and stationary copper substrate. The morphology of the
electrospun fibers was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile
strength and elongation tests.
Keywords: expanded polystyrene, electrospinning, electrospun fibers, membrane, filtration
Citation: Banciu, C., Băra, A., Chițanu, E., Marinescu, V., Sbârcea, G., Ion, I., The effect of process parameters on the electrospun polystyrene fibers, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 263–269, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1481
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Article: An investigation on the properties of polyester textured yarns produced with different fiber cross-sectional shapes
Authors: SELCEN ÖZKAN HACIOĞULLARI, OSMAN BABAARSLAN
Pages 270-276
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1281
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different fiber cross-sectional shapes and yarn linear density values on Partially Oriented Yarn
(POY) and textured yarn characteristics have been examined. In experiment, five different cross-sectional shapes,
namely round, trilobal, tetra, hexsa and octolobal and two different linear densities have been used and tenacityelongation,
crimp and shrinkage tests have been applied to the yarns. As a result, the round and octolobal crosssectional
shapes lead to yarn formation with high tenacity and breaking elongation, on the other hand trilobal and hexsa
cause low tenacity and breaking elongation. The round cross-section has provided yarn formation with high crimp and
low shrinkage, the hexsa and tetra cross-sectional shapes have caused lower crimp and high shrinkage. It was also
observed that the increase in the linear density has caused a decrease in yarn tenacity, however this has increased the
crimp and shrinkage behaviours of the yarns.
Keywords: polyester POY, textured yarn, fiber cross-section, yarn properties
Citation: Hacioğullari, S.O., Babaarslan, O., An investigation on the properties of polyester textured yarns produced with different fiber cross-sectional shapes, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 270–276, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1281
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Article: Influencing factors analysis of tensile properties of wool yarns with different proportions of polyamide blend
Authors: IOAN PAVEL OANA, DORINA OANA, SIMONA TRIPA
Pages 277-280
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1437
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
This paper presents a comparative analysis of three batches of wool yarns with different fineness, twists and
compositions and the way in which these characteristics influence the tensile properties of the yarns. We performed the
tensile strength tests and the values for the following tensile characteristics were determined: breaking force, elongation
at break, tenacity and the mechanical breaking work and were made the diagrams. Stroke for strength and elongation
at break – the diagrams give us an idea on the distribution of weak sections along the yarn tested. In order to make this
analysis we used the machine USTER® TENSOJET 4. The main conclusions drawn from this analysis are following:
the breaking force of the yarns is mainly determined by the value of length density and only after that by the percentage
of polyamide and the twisting value, elongation at break is primarily influenced by the percentage of polyamide from the
yarns composition and only then by the yarns twisting degree, the toughest yarns are the ones with the smallest
fineness, the mechanical work created when stretching the yarns depends mainly by the percentage of polyamide from
the yarns composition, by the yarns fineness and only then by their twisting.
Keywords: elongation at break, fineness, polyamide, breaking force, twisting, yarns
Citation: Ioan, P.O., Oana, D., Tripa, S., Influencing factors analysis of tensile properties of wool yarns with different proportions of polyamide blend, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 277–280, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1437
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Article: The influence of texturing process parameters on yield points and breaking forces of pes filament yarns
Authors: PETAR STOJANOVIĆ, DUŠAN TRAJKOVIĆ, JOVANA STEPANOVIĆ, NATAŠA RADMANOVAC, JOVAN STEPANOVIĆ
Pages 281-286
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1466
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
An analysis of the mechanical properties of textured PES yarns shows that the texturing speed has a
significant effect on these properties. The results showed that with the increase in the texturing speed, a
decreasing trend was observed in the breaking forces of the analyzed textured PES yarns at stretching
degrees of 1.665 and 1.685. Some deviations of the results were found in the textured PES yarns with the
applied stretching degree of 1.675. Also, the results showed that at a stretching degree of 1.685, the
analyzed yarns generally have higher values of breaking forces. Applying a higher degree of stretching of
PES filament yarns improves the orientation of molecular chains in the direction of the stretching force,
which contributes to better mechanical characteristics of textured PES yarn. In addition, the results of the
analysis of the influence of the first heater temperature show that, at higher temperatures, the textured PES
yarns with higher values of breaking forces are produced. The results obtained were used to suggest the
equations for predicting the yield points and breaking forces of textured PES filament yarns depending on
the process parameters of production.
Keywords: textured yarn, texturing speed, breaking force, yield point
Citation: Stojanović, P., Trajković, D., Stepanović, J., Radmanovac, N., Stepanović, J., The influence of texturing process parameters on yield points and breaking forces of PES filament yarns, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 281–286, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1466
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Article: Evaluating compressive behavior of general fibrous assemblies
Authors: JING HUI, YU WEIDONG
Pages 287-292
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1507
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
General fibrous assemblies are made of loose fibers and air filling in the pores formed by these fibers. An important
characteristic of these assemblies is their mechanical behavior under compression and release. In this paper, a unified
and systematic experimental investigation was used to quantify and characterize the compressional and recovery
behavior of several randomly oriented fibrous assemblies via mechanical and conductive in situ integrated measurement
system. An attempt was made to characterize the curves of force, modulus, work and energy loss during compressional
and recovery cycles. Considerable hysteresis occurred between the compression and release operations which is an
evidence for the existence of fiber slippage and frictional effects. Work, energy loss and recovery rate of work turned
out to have a nonlinear exponential relationship with cycles.
Keywords: compression, recovery, fibrous assembly, cycle, hysteresis
Citation: Hui, J., Weidong, Y., Evaluating compressive behavior of general fibrous assemblies, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 287–292, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1507
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Article: The analysis of dimensional stability of 1x1 RIB CO and CO/LY knitwear
Authors: MARIJA PEŠIĆ, VASILIJE PETROVIĆ, JOVAN STEPANOVIĆ, CARIŠA BEŠIĆ
Pages 293-297
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1434
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of knitwear’s fiber composition, linear density and finishing of yarn used in the
dimensional stability of the 1x1 RIB knitwear made on the same circular knitting machine. Dimensional stability of these
samples was analysed by FAST 4 method. Different samples were compared across multiple indicators. The results
show that the most stable dyed knitted fabric are made of cotton 96% and 4% of Lycra and of yarn with linear density
19.14 tex. Tightness factor’s values in the dry relaxation stood at 17.90, in the wet 18.45, in total 18.73 and 18.59 in air
conditioned terms. Knitwear with the highest values of dimensional instability are raw knitted fabric made of 100% CO,
and yarn with linear density of 13.39 tex. Tightness factor’s values in the dry relaxation stood at 12.16, in the wet 12.36,
in total 13.26 and 13.35 in air conditioned terms.
Keywords: dimensional constants, the tightness factor, FAST 4 method, yarn length
Citation: Pešić, M., Petrović, V., Stepanović, J., Bešić, C., The analysis of dimensional stability of 1x1 RIB Co and Co/LY knitwear, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 293–297, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1434
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Article: Thermo-physiological properties of woven structures in wet state
Authors: AMAL BOUGHATTAS, SOFIEN BENLTOUFA, LUBOS HES, MUSADDAQ AZEEM, FATEN FAYALA
Pages 298-303
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1452
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
The utmost parameters that measure the thermo-physiological comfort of garments are thermal conductivity, thermal
absorptivity and water vapor permeability. In this paper, thermo-physiological comfort was studied with different weave
design and moisture content. Thermal properties and water vapor permeability in dry and wet state of all fabric samples
were determined by ALAMBETA and Permetest respectively. Results showed that the weaving structure and yarn
composition in weft were closely related to the thermal properties and water vapor permeability in presence of moisture.
Woven fabric samples were constructed by varying the weave design and weft composition. In wet state, moisture
content up to 20%, weave structures exhibited non-significant behavior for thermal properties due to air fraction. As the
moisture content enhanced, woven structure made with polyester weft yarn provided cooler feeling with skin contact.
Keywords: weaving design, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity, water vapor permeability, moisture content (wet state)
Citation: Boughattas, A., Benltoufa, S., Hes, L., Azeem, M., Fayala, F., Thermo-physiological properties of woven structures in wet state, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 298–303, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1452
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Article: Quality of the household ozone laundering
Author: BRANKO NERAL
Pages 304-309
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1454
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Different household laundering procedures were investigated in this research. After performing classical and with ozone
combined procedures, the primary and secondary laundering effects were evaluated, as washing performance, soil
removal efficiency, dimensional change, decrease in breaking strength, incineration residue and colour characteristics.
The end results indicate that household ozone laundering provides higher laundering quality compared to the classical
procedure, and ensures reduction of water and energy consumption.
Keywords: ozone, textile laundering, household washing machine, ozone generator, laundering effects
Citation: Neral, B., Quality of the household ozone laundering, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 304–309, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1454
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Article: Aspects regarding vital functions monitoring through an adaptive textile system
Authors: ANGELA DOROGAN, IOANA CARPUS, DIMITRIE NANU, MIRCEA IGNAT
Pages 310-314
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1505
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Currently, there are about 80 million people with various types of disability in the European Union, but this number is
expected to grow in the coming years, mainly due to the increasing proportion of older citizens.
At European Union level, disability is seen as a problem of the whole society. This requires continuous training and
adaptation in all spheres of life, for receiving and maintaining these persons in the mainstream of social life, in order to
ensure all the facilities. There are powerful incentives for research and innovation in the social field (services for the
benefit of people), medical field (diseases whose origin is unknown, customized medical protocols, non-conventional
monitoring instruments etc.), or technology field (robotics, informatics, textiles etc.) in an equal manner. An important
role is played by the adaptive clothing characterized by comfort, accessibility, safety and style. The paper includes
aspects regarding the making of some experimental models of textile elements with electronic functions intended for vital
functions monitoring systems.
Keywords: disability, vital functions, adaptive textiles
Citation: Dorogan A., Nanu, D., Carpus, I., Ignat, M., Aspects regarding vital functions monitoring through an adaptive textile system, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 310–314, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1505
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Article: Comfort properties of nano-filament polyester fabrics: thermo-physiological evaluation
Authors: MUSADDAQ AZEEM, LUBOS HES, JAKUB WIENER, MUHAMMAD TAYYAB NOMAN, AZAM ALI, TARIQ MANSOOR
Pages 315-321
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1529
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Comfort along with the aesthetic properties of textile clothing in activewear and sportswear are utmost worthwhile for
costumer demand as latest trends. Different types of fibers and yarns are being used to improve the moisture
management and comfort of the fabric for next to skin. Nowadays, multifilaments or nano-filaments of polyester with
diameters in the range of a few nanometers and lengths up to kilometers are used in different range of important
technological applications such as functional fabrics, biomedicine, composite, etc. Multifilament polyester yarns are
made by aggregating many continuous filaments together characterized by their high tenacity and large surface area
per unit mass. The nano-filament yarn has also significant effects on thermal comfort properties as a nano-filament fabric
has less thermal conductivity than cotton fabric, but equal to multichannel polyester fabric while nano-filament fabrics
gave the cool feelings with higher thermal absorptivity. Moreover,coolmax fabric showed the higher value of thermal
resistance as compared to nano-filament fabrics. Nano-filament fabrics exhibited higher value of watervaporpermeability
than cotton fabric.
Keywords: thermo-physiological comfort, nano-filament polyester fabric, water vapour permeability
Citation: Azeem, M., Hes, L., Wiener, J., Noman, M.T., Ali, A., Mansoor, T., Comfort properties of nano-filament polyester fabrics: thermo-physiological evaluation, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 315–321, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1529
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Article: Air permability of worsted fabrics
Author: HAKAN ÖZDEMİR
Pages 322-327
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1448
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Comfort is one of the most important aspects of clothing. Air permeability, one of the comfort charectaristics of fabrics,
depends mainly on the fabric structure, which can be described by weave and yarn density. In this study, 16 worsted
woven fabric samples were produced for winter clothing using eight frequently implemented weave types together with
one warp density (28 ends/cm) and two weft densities (25 and 28 picks/cm). Additonally, semi-dull finish was applied on
raw fabrics. Results revealed the effect of weave, weft yarn density and finishing process on air permeability of woven
fabrics. 2/2 twill woven fabric, whose porosity is the lowest, have the lowest air permeability properties, therefore it is
more convenient for winter clothing. It is observed that in all weave types, an increase at weft setting caused to decrease
in air permeability and porosity values. Finishing process also leads to decreasesin porosity thereby to decrease air
permeability property.
Keywords: air permeability, worsted fabrics, woven fabrics, weave, yarn density, porosity
Citation: Özdemir, H., Air permeability of worsted fabrics, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 322–327, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1448
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Article: Colour properties of cigarette smoke-exposed cotton and silk fabrics and their nicotine release
Authors: WANTANEEPORN NONGNUCH, POTJANART SUWANRUJI, JANTIP SETTHAYANOND
Pages 328-333
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1396
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke caused colour change to undyed cotton and silk fabrics by a yellowing effect. The degree
of yellowing was more dominant on cotton fabric. When the dyed fabrics were subjected to cigarette smoke, a more
pronounced effect was observed on the pale shade dyed fabrics. Shade alteration was inversely related to the colour
strength of the dyed fabrics. In addition, a longer exposure time also induced colour change in the fabrics while the
colour strength of the dyed fabrics was unaffected. Nicotine release from the cigarette smoke-exposed fabrics in the
wet state was studied in different aqueous media, viz. water, buffer solutions (pH 5.5 and 8.0) and artificial sweats (acid
and alkaline) in order to reflect the potential risk to textile users of the toxicants from textiles contaminated with
cigarette smoke.
Keywords: cigarette smoke, cotton, silk, nicotine, dyeing
Citation: Nongnuch, W., Suwanruji, P., Setthayanond, J., Colour properties of cigarette smoke-exposed cotton and silk fabrics and their nicotine release, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 328–333, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1396
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Article: Definition, history of denim fabric and Turkey’s denim clothing export in figures
Author: LALE MEYANCI
Pages 334-337
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1420
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
This study examines the definition of denim fabric, its historical development in Turkey and in global and product and
country based export data of denim clothing of the recent 15 years of export of Turkey which has rapidly risen and
become a very important market amongst related countries in the world.
Keywords: denim, history of denim fabric, denim clothing, denim exports
Citation: Meyanci, L., Definition, history of denim fabric and Turkey’s denim clothing export in figures, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 334–337, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1420
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Article: Economic and IT determinants of innovative projects in the textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products industry
Authors: CEZAR-PETRE SIMION, ADRIANA ALEXANDRU, SEBASTIAN ION CEPTUREANU, EDUARD GABRIEL CEPTUREANU
Pages 338-344
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.04.1478
Published online: August 2018
Abstract
In this paper the main factors that influence the innovative projects in the field of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and
related products were identified and analyzed. Eleven potential factors influencing innovative projects have been
considered and the correlation analysis has identified the two factors that have a major influence on innovative projects
in the field: volume index of production in European Union for NACE codes 13-15 and exports value for textiles, wearing
apparel, leather and related products. The research has shown that the scale of innovative projects in textiles, clothing,
leather and related products depends on European Union production and on global demand.
Keywords: projects, innovative, textiles, IT, wearing apparel
Citation: Simion, C.-P., Alexandru, A., Ceptureanu, S.I., Ceptureanu, E.G., Economic and IT determinants of innovative projects in the textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products industry, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 4, 338–344, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.04.1478
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