Issue 5 / 2018

Article: Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effect of temperature, heating time, concentration and particle size on improved gel spinning process of UHMWPE

Authors: ABDUL WAQAR RAJPUT, BILAL ZAHID, HAFSA JAMSHAID, USMAN ALI, AMIR ABBAS, RAJA FAHAD QURESHI
Pages: 347-351
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1468
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

In this research UHMWPE filaments were extruded utilising newly developed terpene based gel spinning process. Taguchi’s fractional factorial experimental design was implemented to study the impact of different factors on the tenacity of the fibres. Extruded filaments were characterized by taking filament tenacity as response. The extrusion was carried out utilising terpene base gel spinning process developed by the author reported previously, which uses environmentally friendly terpene (orange oil) instead of petrochemicals used in the conventional extrusion of UHMWPE. Four selected processing parameters were used and their effect on the tenacity of resultant filaments was assessed using standard statistical methods. It was found that the concentration and heating time exerts significant effect on the tenacity of filaments. In addition, interaction between concentration and particle size, temperature and concentration, heating time and concentration indicated major effect on the response.
Keywords: UHMWPE, terpene, environmentally friendly, tenacity, gel spinning

Citation: Rajput, A.W., Zahid, B., Jamshaid, H., Ali, U., Abbas, A., Qureshi, R.F., Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effect of temperature, heating time, concentration and particle size on improved gel spinning process of UHMWPE, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 347–351,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1468

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Article: Effect of process variables on the properties of dual-core yarns containing wool/elastane

Authors: HÜSEYIN GAZI TÜRKSOY, NIDA YILDIRIM
Pages 352-356
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1486
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

The denim, having a large customer base irrelevant of age, gender and social status limitation, has been one of the most important products for thegarment sector. Denim fabric demand has diversified with the changing consumer’s sense of life day by day. The denim manufacturers develop alternative production techniques and materials by turning towards new researches in order to adapt to consumer demands. One of the alternative materials, which are used in denim fabric structure, is the dual-core yarns. The dual-core yarn is manufactured through the modified ring-spinning machine in order to benefit at the same time from the properties of two core components. In this study the influence of some production parameters such as twist level, wool draft and elastane draft on the properties of dual-core yarns containing wool/elastane is investigated.The results indicated that the twist level is significantly effective parameter for the unevenness, hairiness, tenacity and elongation values of dual-core yarns. In addition, wool draft is significantly effective parameter for hairiness and breaking elongation values. It was also observed that variation of elastane draft level affects tenacity and elongation values of dual-core yarns.
Keywords: core-spun, dual-core yarn, wool yarn, elastane, denim fabric

Citation: Turksoy, H.G., Yildirim, N., Effect of process variables on the properties of dual-core yarns containing wool/elastane, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 352–356,   http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1486

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Article: Multifunctional finishing treatments applied on textiles for protection of emergency personnel

Authors: DOINA TOMA, LAURA CHIRILA, ALINA POPESCU, CORINA CHIRILA, OVIDIU IORDACHE
Pages 357-362 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1585
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the researches carried out for obtaining multifunctional textile materials with multiple effects, by means of superior finishing techniques, using functional chemicals in the form of aqueous dispersions. It has been studied the possibility of combining treatment with dispersions with photocatalytic and antibacterial effects with a hydrophobic/oleophobic treatment that simultaneously provides both sustainable photocatalytic and antibacterial effect as well as hydrophobic/oleophobic effect within satisfactory limits for all these effects. The results of the laboratory evaluations performed on 50% cotton and 50% functionalised HT polyamide textile fabrics showed that hydrophobization treatment with fluoropolymer dispersions can be combined with the treatment with titanium dioxide photocalatytic dispersions or silver chloride and titanium dioxide dispersions to obtain multiple photocatalytic, antibacterial and hydrophobic/ oleophobic effects without diminishing the functionalization effects that would have been achieved by individual treatments.
Keywords: functionalization treatments, hydrophobic effects, photocatalytic activity, antibacterial activity, combined effects

Citation: Toma, D., Chirila, L., Popescu, A., Chirila, C., Iordache, O., Multifunctional finishing treatments applied on textiles for protection of emergency personnel, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 357–362,   http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1585


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Article: Study of electrospun cellulose acetate fibers

Authors: ELENA CHIȚANU, ADELA BĂRA, CRISTINA BANCIU, MARIUS LUNGULESCU, VIRGIL MARINESCU
Pages 363-368 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1511
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

The objective of this work was the preparation of cellulose acetate nanofibers by electrospinning using a mixture of solvents. Cellulose acetate solutions were electrospun from binary and ternary solvent systems, such as N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone and chloroform. The effects of the solvent systems on the structural, morphological and mechanical characteristics of the fibers were investigated.
Keywords: electrospinning, cellulose acetate, electrospun nanofibers

Citation: Chițanu, E., Băra, A., Banciu, C., Lungulescu, M., Marinescu, V., Study of electrospun cellulose acetate fibers, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 363–368,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1511

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Article: Investigation of antibacterial properties of wool fabrics dyed with pine cones

Authors: M. İBRAHIM BAHTİYARİ, FAZLIHAN YILMAZ
Pages 369-374 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1516
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Fashion and color are the foreground of the case in the first stage of the selection of textile products. That is why coloring in textiles has a great appeal. In particular, natural dyeing, which has caught up with new trends in recent times, has gained importance in this regard. In this study, pine cones were used in dyeing of wool fabrics with the help of five different mordanting agent and also mordant-free dyeings were performed too. Besides, wool fabrics dyed with pine cones have been evaluated in terms of light and washing fastnesses. It was found that different colors and shades can be obtained with the use of different mordanting agents and finally it was observed that pine cones can be used as a natural dye source. Moreover the antibacterial efficiencies of the dyed samples were investigated to see the effect of the used natural dye source and the mordanting agents. It was seen that the dyed samples have different antibacterial properties depending on the used mordanting agent and the bacteria tested on.
Keywords: wool, textile, natural dye, antibacterial, pine, pine cone

Citation: Bahtiyari, M.I., Yilmaz, F., Investigation of antibacterial properties of wool fabrics dyed with pine cones, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 369–374,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1516

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Article: Investigating pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with different tightnesses in drilling and sampling process

Authors: ZUOWEI DING, WEIDONG YU
Pages 375-380 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1522
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

In this paper, the pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with four different tightnesses were investigated via our self-designed pull-out testing system. Meanwhile, the principle of stick-slip phenomenon during the drilling and sampling process was clarified. Experimental results obtained from this system indicated that pull-out force of tubular fabrics presented a tendency of rising in the initial stage then decreasing, and finally tended towards a constant non-zero value. It also revealed that the bigger the tightnesses of tubular fabrics are, the larger its bearable force is. Moreover, the concept of smoothness coefficient was introduced to further understand the degree of difficulty that tubular fabrics pulled out from round pipe. The calculations showed that smaller tightnesses gave better smoothness performance, and naturally the smoothness coefficient was bigger.
Keywords: pull-out force; smoothness coefficient; tubular fabrics; different tightnesses; stick-slip phenomenon; drilling and sampling

Citation: Ding, Z., Yu, W., Investigating pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with different tightnesses in drilling and sampling process, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 375–380,   http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1522

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Article: Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric

Authors: GAMZE SÜPÜREN MENGÜÇ, EMRAH TEMEL, FARUK BOZDOĞAN
Pages 381-389 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1406
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

This study was designed to explore the relationship between sunlight exposure and the mechanical properties of paragliding fabrics which have different colors, densities, yarn counts, and coating materials. This study exposed 5 different colors of paragliding fabrics (red, turquoise, dark blue, orange, and white) to intense sunlight for 150 hours during the summer from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the UV radiation aging process, the air permeability, tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength tests were performed. Test results were also evaluated using statistical methods. According to the results, the fading of the turquoise fabric was found to be the highest among the studied fabrics. It was determined that there is a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the fabrics after sunlight exposure. After aging, the fabrics become considerably weaker in the case of mechanical properties due to the degradation in both the dyestuff and macromolecular structure of the fiber.
Keywords: sunlight exposure, photodegradation, photoaging, mechanical properties, and paragliding fabric

Citation: Mengüç, G.S., Temel, E., Bozdoğan, F., Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 381–389,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1406

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Article: Energy harvesting from human motions for wearable applications

Authors: CAO WENYING, YU WEIDONG, LI ZHAOLING
Pages 390-393 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1531
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Harvesting biomechanical energy from human’s movement is an alternative solution to effectively power the wearable electronics. In this paper, two impact-driven piezoelectric energy harvesters were developed which can be integrated within human shoe-soles and also can be tailored to integrate in commercial carpets or outdoor roadway to harvest the massive mechanical energy from the passing vehicles or people crowds at low frequencies. For a comprehensive study, two buckling types of PVDF harvesters were selected and tested. It has been shown that the mechanical responses of the arch type prototype and the C type prototype are different. In addition, the mechanical response of the C type can be affected by the vertical height of the C type. The peak-peak voltage of the C type increases with the vertical height of the C type decreases. The peak-peak voltage of arch type is almost the same with the C type when the vertical height of which is 25 mm. The stability of the output voltage of the arch type is the worst when compared with that of the three C types. The stability of the output voltage of the C type when the vertical height of which is 25 mm is the worst among the three different vertical heights.
Keywords: piezoelectric, energy harvester, human motions, low frequency, wearable

Citation: Wenying, C., Weidong, Y., Zhaoling, L., Energy harvesting from human motions for wearable applications, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 390–393,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1531

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Article: Raincoat design for children for age group 7–8 years: a design development case study

Authors: LINZI PU, MELISSA WAGNER, MULAT ABTEW, YAN HONG, PEIGUO WANG,
Pages 394-399 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1471
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

This paper proposes a rain coat design and development process based on objective analysis of user needs. The proposed raincoat is developed aiming at children for age group 7–8 years. The proposed design process starts with personal interviews and participant observation. The user needs analysis will be realized in this process regarding the user need categories of functional, expressive, and aesthetic needs.These needs led to the further development of design criteria.These criteria were then translated into raincoat attributes and used in the development of a raincoat prototype. Finally, the raincoat prototype was evaluated regarding the design criteria. The final design combines the desired functional, expressive, and aesthetic attributes as outlined by the design criteria.
Keywords: FEA considerations, children’s garment design, design process, objective analysis, and raincoat design

Citation: Pu, L., Hong, Y., Wagner, M., Wang, P., Abtew, M., Raincoat design for children for age group 7-8 years: A design development case study, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 394–399,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1471

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Article: The use of neoprene fabric evaluation in terms of comfort in child tracksuit production

Authors: ZÜMRÜT BAHADIR ÜNAL, E. RÜMEYSA EREN
Pages 400-405 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1470
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Neoprene fabric, which used in the manufacture of diving, wind surfing and fishing clothes, made a rapid entry into the fashion industry. This fabric is resistant to petroleum products, water and wind. At the same time it is also resistant to temperatures between –50 ° C and +120 ° C. It has been used in daily wear because of the flexible structure. In this study, neoprene fabrics having different properties are compared in terms of comfort and physical properties in order to determine whether a neoprene fabric is suitable in the child tracksuit production.
Keywords: neoprene, knitted fabrics, functional clothing, thermal comfort, motion comfort

Citation: Unal, Z.B., Eren, E.R., The use of neoprene fabric evaluation in terms of comfort in child tracksuit production, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 400–405,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1470

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Article: Developing a software calculating fabric consumption of various bathrobe models

Authors: MIHRIBAN KALKANCI, İHSAN ÖZER
Pages 406-411 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1550
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Considering the customer requests and speed in the textile sector, very fast and accurate pricing should be done when the customers ask for very urgent prices for different styles. Customers often ask for sample pricing from apparel manufacturers. In this case, the garment manufacturer has to move quickly and accurately in determining the unit consumption of the garment. It is very important to know the correct fabric cost in pricing the garment to be produced. In general, the cost of fabric in garments accounts for 60–70% of the total cost. Manufacturers take risks when pricing the garment with the approximate fabric consumption. Fabric consumption tolerance can be taken higher to be a benefit, but then the order may not be placed by the customer due to high price. In CAD systems, calculation of fabric consumption can not be done easily. In this research, the software has been developed to calculate the unit usage of a garment quickly. Bathrobemodels were selected as a material and the data of a factory that produces bathrobe was used. The results of the program, which is developed with the software, are compared with the experimental figures. As a result, it was possible to determine fabric consumption with a reliability of 98.2% in a very short time by using the developed system (R2 > 0.982).
Keywords: fabric consumption, faster pricing, fabric utilization ratio, software

Citation: Kalkanci, M., Özer, I., Developing a software calculating fabric consumption of various bathrobe models, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 406–411,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1550

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Article: The potential of biofilms from moving bed bioreactors to increase the efficiency of textile industry wastewater treatment

Authors: IOANA CORINA MOGA, IOAN ARDELEAN, GABRIEL PETRESCU, NICOLAE CRĂCIUN, RADU POPA
Pages 412-418 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1500
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Textile industry processes produce some of the most heavily polluted wastewater worldwide. Wastewater from textile industry is also highly variable (it varies with time and among factories) and contains wide diversity of pollutants. This makes the treatment of textile industry effluents, complex, site-specific and expensive. Numerous combinations of wastewater treatment technologies are currently applied in the textile industry, yet methods that work for one emitter are often unsuitable, insufficient, not necessary or unsustainable to another. As textile industry evolves, its water treatment research also has to keep pace with increasing demands. The broader aim of the textile industry wastewater treatment is to maximize the efficiency of pollutant removal, while releasing effluents that society considers as being environmentally acceptable or safe. In the last ten years great strides have been made in the ability to lower the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonium (NH4+) in wastewater. These advances elicit the question: can intensifying the usage of such technologies in the textile industry also increase its efficiency? The research team analysed water treatment by aerobic biomineralization via microbial biofilms immobilized on solid surfaces and hosted in Moving Bed Bio-Reactors (MBBRs). These biofilms are selected for carbon oxidation and ammonia oxidation. The authors compare the potential of active sludge biotreatment with the performance of MBBRs. The results are used to evaluate the potential of MBBRs as a cost-reducing solution in textile wastewater treatment plants. Our analysis supports that upgrading such stations to more heavily usage of MBBR biotechnology would increase their sustainability and environmental friendliness. The authors also discuss research directions and milestones for expanding the effects of MBBRs on the textile industry wastewater treatment.
Keywords: biofilms, wastewater treatment, BOD, ammonia, textile industry

Citation: Moga, I.C., Ardelean, I., Petrescu, G., Crăciun, N., Popa, R., The potential of biofilms from moving bed bioreactors to increase the efficiency of textile industry wastewater treatment, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 412–418,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1500

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Article: Insulation materials for buildings – a successful research & development collaboration for the Romanian wool fibres manufacturing

Authors: PYERINA-CARMEN GHIȚULEASA, CEZAR BULACU, EFTALEA CĂRPUȘ, ANA ENCIU, ANGELA DOROGAN, EMILIA VISILEANU
Pages 419-421 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1579
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Having in view the sustainable development context, the textile sector represents a strong pillar of the Romanian manufacturing industry, which is able to contribute to the valorization of natural indigenous raw materials. The paper presents economic aspects in the base of the results obtained through developing/ implementing a research project financed by the National Sectorial Program, coordinated by the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, aiming to establish strategic solutions for capitalization of Romanian coarse wool fibers. There are emphasized the project’s results obtained by the collaboration of three important actors from research activity and economic environment: the National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather – INCDTP Bucharest, the only R&D Institute in Romania, SC MINET SA Company, Râmnicu Vâlcea county – a representative manufacturing company for nonwoven materials and the Research Institute for Sheep and Goats Breeding, Palas, Constanța county, partners in the consortium coordinated by the National Research and Development Institute in Constructions, Urban Planning and Sustainable Spatial Development URBAN-INCERC Bucharest.
Keywords: Romanian wool fibres, innovation, efficiency, business entrepreneurial initiatives, technical textiles for buildings

Citation: Ghițuleasa, P.C., Bulacu, C., Cărpuș, E., Enciu, A., Dorogan, A., Visileanu, E., Insulation materials for buildings –a successful research & development collaboration for the Romanian wool fibres manufacturing, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 419–421,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1579

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Article: Future directions in tissue repair using biomaterials

Authors: ANDREEA GROSU-BULARDA, ALEXANDRU CHIOTOROIU, ELENA-LUMINITA STANCIULESCU
Pages 422-426 
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1506
Published online: October 2018

Abstract

Complex soft tissue defects are often challenging to approach using conventional surgical reconstructive techniques. Although autologous tissue repair is still the gold standard in reconstructive surgery, there are particular situations when autografts are not available. Human allografts remains an alternative solution, but with considerable drawbacks regarding availability, immunologic reactions and risk of infectious diseases transmission. Synthetic products used in surgical reconstructions are associated with poor long-term outcomes. Tissue engineering developed based on these reconstructive limitations. Recently, biological scaffolds have been introduced as important players in surgical strategies of tissue reconstruction. A large panel of extracellular matrices cultured with different cell populations has been used, and promising results were reported in complex tissue loss repair including bone, muscles, nerves, blood vessels and skin defects. Future research is mandatory to standardize the bioengineered structures, in order to get the best outcome regarding volume restoration, function regaining, vascular integration and long term stability of the reconstruction. We desire to identify the research area which can be successfully applied in our country, based on an interdisciplinary collaboration between medical institutions, molecular biology laboratories and technical research institutes. We consider very useful to promote a strategy for soft tissue repair and immunomodulation using mesenchymal progenitors from different sources (bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood) seeded on solid scaffolds. This approach will increase the multi-institutional partnership, permitting the development of new reconstructive strategies for patients with tissue defects, more accessible for local medical institutions, with an affordable cost and in appropriate timing for regain the quality of life.
Keywords: tissue repair, biomaterials, tissue engineering, mesenchymal stem cells

Citation: Grosu-Bularda, A., Chiotoroiu, A., Stanciulescu, E.-L., Future directions in tissue repair using biomaterials, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 422–426,  http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1506

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