Issue 5 / 2018 
Article: Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effect of temperature, heating time, concentration and particle size on improved gel spinning process of UHMWPE
Authors: ABDUL WAQAR RAJPUT, BILAL ZAHID, HAFSA JAMSHAID, USMAN ALI, AMIR ABBAS, RAJA FAHAD QURESHI
Pages: 347-351
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1468
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
In this research UHMWPE filaments were extruded utilising newly developed terpene based gel spinning process.
Taguchi’s fractional factorial experimental design was implemented to study the impact of different factors on the tenacity
of the fibres. Extruded filaments were characterized by taking filament tenacity as response. The extrusion was carried
out utilising terpene base gel spinning process developed by the author reported previously, which uses environmentally
friendly terpene (orange oil) instead of petrochemicals used in the conventional extrusion of UHMWPE. Four selected
processing parameters were used and their effect on the tenacity of resultant filaments was assessed using standard
statistical methods. It was found that the concentration and heating time exerts significant effect on the tenacity of
filaments. In addition, interaction between concentration and particle size, temperature and concentration, heating time
and concentration indicated major effect on the response.
Keywords: UHMWPE, terpene, environmentally friendly, tenacity, gel spinning
Citation: Rajput, A.W., Zahid, B., Jamshaid, H., Ali, U., Abbas, A., Qureshi, R.F., Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effect of temperature, heating time, concentration and particle size on improved gel spinning process of UHMWPE, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 347–351, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1468
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Article: Effect of process variables on the properties of dual-core yarns containing wool/elastane
Authors: HÜSEYIN GAZI TÜRKSOY, NIDA YILDIRIM
Pages 352-356
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1486
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
The denim, having a large customer base irrelevant of age, gender and social status limitation, has been one of the most
important products for thegarment sector. Denim fabric demand has diversified with the changing consumer’s sense of
life day by day. The denim manufacturers develop alternative production techniques and materials by turning towards
new researches in order to adapt to consumer demands. One of the alternative materials, which are used in denim fabric
structure, is the dual-core yarns. The dual-core yarn is manufactured through the modified ring-spinning machine in
order to benefit at the same time from the properties of two core components. In this study the influence of some
production parameters such as twist level, wool draft and elastane draft on the properties of dual-core yarns containing
wool/elastane is investigated.The results indicated that the twist level is significantly effective parameter for the
unevenness, hairiness, tenacity and elongation values of dual-core yarns. In addition, wool draft is significantly effective
parameter for hairiness and breaking elongation values. It was also observed that variation of elastane draft level affects
tenacity and elongation values of dual-core yarns.
Keywords: core-spun, dual-core yarn, wool yarn, elastane, denim fabric
Citation: Turksoy, H.G., Yildirim, N., Effect of process variables on the properties of dual-core yarns containing wool/elastane, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 352–356, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1486
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Article: Multifunctional finishing treatments applied on textiles for protection of emergency personnel
Authors: DOINA TOMA, LAURA CHIRILA, ALINA POPESCU, CORINA CHIRILA, OVIDIU IORDACHE
Pages 357-362
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1585
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
The paper presents the results of the researches carried out for obtaining multifunctional textile materials with multiple
effects, by means of superior finishing techniques, using functional chemicals in the form of aqueous dispersions. It has
been studied the possibility of combining treatment with dispersions with photocatalytic and antibacterial effects with a
hydrophobic/oleophobic treatment that simultaneously provides both sustainable photocatalytic and antibacterial effect
as well as hydrophobic/oleophobic effect within satisfactory limits for all these effects. The results of the laboratory
evaluations performed on 50% cotton and 50% functionalised HT polyamide textile fabrics showed that
hydrophobization treatment with fluoropolymer dispersions can be combined with the treatment with titanium dioxide
photocalatytic dispersions or silver chloride and titanium dioxide dispersions to obtain multiple photocatalytic,
antibacterial and hydrophobic/ oleophobic effects without diminishing the functionalization effects that would have been
achieved by individual treatments.
Keywords: functionalization treatments, hydrophobic effects, photocatalytic activity, antibacterial activity, combined effects
Citation: Toma, D., Chirila, L., Popescu, A., Chirila, C., Iordache, O., Multifunctional finishing treatments applied on textiles for protection of emergency personnel, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 357–362, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1585
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Article: Study of electrospun cellulose acetate fibers
Authors: ELENA CHIȚANU, ADELA BĂRA, CRISTINA BANCIU, MARIUS LUNGULESCU, VIRGIL MARINESCU
Pages 363-368
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1511
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
The objective of this work was the preparation of cellulose acetate nanofibers by electrospinning using a mixture
of solvents. Cellulose acetate solutions were electrospun from binary and ternary solvent systems, such as
N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone and chloroform. The effects of the solvent systems on the structural, morphological
and mechanical characteristics of the fibers were investigated.
Keywords: electrospinning, cellulose acetate, electrospun nanofibers
Citation: Chițanu, E., Băra, A., Banciu, C., Lungulescu, M., Marinescu, V., Study of electrospun cellulose acetate fibers, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 363–368, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1511
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Article: Investigation of antibacterial properties of wool fabrics dyed with pine cones
Authors: M. İBRAHIM BAHTİYARİ, FAZLIHAN YILMAZ
Pages 369-374
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1516
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Fashion and color are the foreground of the case in the first stage of the selection of textile products. That is why coloring
in textiles has a great appeal. In particular, natural dyeing, which has caught up with new trends in recent times, has
gained importance in this regard. In this study, pine cones were used in dyeing of wool fabrics with the help of five
different mordanting agent and also mordant-free dyeings were performed too. Besides, wool fabrics dyed with pine
cones have been evaluated in terms of light and washing fastnesses. It was found that different colors and shades can
be obtained with the use of different mordanting agents and finally it was observed that pine cones can be used as a
natural dye source. Moreover the antibacterial efficiencies of the dyed samples were investigated to see the effect of
the used natural dye source and the mordanting agents. It was seen that the dyed samples have different antibacterial
properties depending on the used mordanting agent and the bacteria tested on.
Keywords: wool, textile, natural dye, antibacterial, pine, pine cone
Citation: Bahtiyari, M.I., Yilmaz, F., Investigation of antibacterial properties of wool fabrics dyed with pine cones, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 369–374, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1516
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Article: Investigating pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with different tightnesses in drilling and sampling process
Authors: ZUOWEI DING, WEIDONG YU
Pages 375-380
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1522
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
In this paper, the pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with four different tightnesses were investigated via our
self-designed pull-out testing system. Meanwhile, the principle of stick-slip phenomenon during the drilling and sampling
process was clarified. Experimental results obtained from this system indicated that pull-out force of tubular fabrics
presented a tendency of rising in the initial stage then decreasing, and finally tended towards a constant non-zero value.
It also revealed that the bigger the tightnesses of tubular fabrics are, the larger its bearable force is. Moreover, the
concept of smoothness coefficient was introduced to further understand the degree of difficulty that tubular fabrics pulled
out from round pipe. The calculations showed that smaller tightnesses gave better smoothness performance, and
naturally the smoothness coefficient was bigger.
Keywords: pull-out force; smoothness coefficient; tubular fabrics; different tightnesses; stick-slip phenomenon; drilling and sampling
Citation: Ding, Z., Yu, W., Investigating pull-out characteristics of tubular fabrics with different tightnesses in drilling and sampling process, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 375–380, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1522
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Article: Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric
Authors: GAMZE SÜPÜREN MENGÜÇ, EMRAH TEMEL, FARUK BOZDOĞAN
Pages 381-389
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1406
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the relationship between sunlight exposure and the mechanical properties of
paragliding fabrics which have different colors, densities, yarn counts, and coating materials. This study exposed
5 different colors of paragliding fabrics (red, turquoise, dark blue, orange, and white) to intense sunlight for 150 hours
during the summer from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the UV radiation aging
process, the air permeability, tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength tests were performed. Test results
were also evaluated using statistical methods. According to the results, the fading of the turquoise fabric was found to
be the highest among the studied fabrics. It was determined that there is a significant decrease in the mechanical
properties of the fabrics after sunlight exposure. After aging, the fabrics become considerably weaker in the case of
mechanical properties due to the degradation in both the dyestuff and macromolecular structure of the fiber.
Keywords: sunlight exposure, photodegradation, photoaging, mechanical properties, and paragliding fabric
Citation: Mengüç, G.S., Temel, E., Bozdoğan, F., Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 381–389, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1406
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Article: Energy harvesting from human motions for wearable applications
Authors: CAO WENYING, YU WEIDONG, LI ZHAOLING
Pages 390-393
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1531
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Harvesting biomechanical energy from human’s movement is an alternative solution to effectively power the wearable
electronics. In this paper, two impact-driven piezoelectric energy harvesters were developed which can be integrated
within human shoe-soles and also can be tailored to integrate in commercial carpets or outdoor roadway to harvest the
massive mechanical energy from the passing vehicles or people crowds at low frequencies. For a comprehensive study,
two buckling types of PVDF harvesters were selected and tested. It has been shown that the mechanical responses of
the arch type prototype and the C type prototype are different. In addition, the mechanical response of the C type can
be affected by the vertical height of the C type. The peak-peak voltage of the C type increases with the vertical height
of the C type decreases. The peak-peak voltage of arch type is almost the same with the C type when the vertical height
of which is 25 mm. The stability of the output voltage of the arch type is the worst when compared with that of the three
C types. The stability of the output voltage of the C type when the vertical height of which is 25 mm is the worst among
the three different vertical heights.
Keywords: piezoelectric, energy harvester, human motions, low frequency, wearable
Citation: Wenying, C., Weidong, Y., Zhaoling, L., Energy harvesting from human motions for wearable applications, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 390–393, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1531
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Article: Raincoat design for children for age group 7–8 years: a design development case study
Authors: LINZI PU, MELISSA WAGNER, MULAT ABTEW, YAN HONG, PEIGUO WANG,
Pages 394-399
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1471
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
This paper proposes a rain coat design and development process based on objective analysis of user needs. The
proposed raincoat is developed aiming at children for age group 7–8 years. The proposed design process starts with
personal interviews and participant observation. The user needs analysis will be realized in this process regarding the
user need categories of functional, expressive, and aesthetic needs.These needs led to the further development of
design criteria.These criteria were then translated into raincoat attributes and used in the development of a raincoat
prototype. Finally, the raincoat prototype was evaluated regarding the design criteria. The final design combines the
desired functional, expressive, and aesthetic attributes as outlined by the design criteria.
Keywords: FEA considerations, children’s garment design, design process, objective analysis, and raincoat design
Citation: Pu, L., Hong, Y., Wagner, M., Wang, P., Abtew, M., Raincoat design for children for age group 7-8 years: A design development case study, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 394–399, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1471
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Article: The use of neoprene fabric evaluation in terms of comfort in child tracksuit production
Authors: ZÜMRÜT BAHADIR ÜNAL, E. RÜMEYSA EREN
Pages 400-405
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1470
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Neoprene fabric, which used in the manufacture of diving, wind surfing and fishing clothes, made a rapid entry into the
fashion industry. This fabric is resistant to petroleum products, water and wind. At the same time it is also resistant to
temperatures between –50 ° C and +120 ° C. It has been used in daily wear because of the flexible structure. In this
study, neoprene fabrics having different properties are compared in terms of comfort and physical properties in order to
determine whether a neoprene fabric is suitable in the child tracksuit production.
Keywords: neoprene, knitted fabrics, functional clothing, thermal comfort, motion comfort
Citation: Unal, Z.B., Eren, E.R., The use of neoprene fabric evaluation in terms of comfort in child tracksuit production, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 400–405, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1470
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Article: Developing a software calculating fabric consumption of various bathrobe models
Authors: MIHRIBAN KALKANCI, İHSAN ÖZER
Pages 406-411
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1550
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Considering the customer requests and speed in the textile sector, very fast and accurate pricing should be done when
the customers ask for very urgent prices for different styles. Customers often ask for sample pricing from apparel
manufacturers. In this case, the garment manufacturer has to move quickly and accurately in determining the unit
consumption of the garment. It is very important to know the correct fabric cost in pricing the garment to be produced.
In general, the cost of fabric in garments accounts for 60–70% of the total cost. Manufacturers take risks when pricing
the garment with the approximate fabric consumption. Fabric consumption tolerance can be taken higher to be a benefit,
but then the order may not be placed by the customer due to high price. In CAD systems, calculation of fabric
consumption can not be done easily. In this research, the software has been developed to calculate the unit usage of a
garment quickly. Bathrobemodels were selected as a material and the data of a factory that produces bathrobe was
used. The results of the program, which is developed with the software, are compared with the experimental figures.
As a result, it was possible to determine fabric consumption with a reliability of 98.2% in a very short time by using the
developed system (R2 > 0.982).
Keywords: fabric consumption, faster pricing, fabric utilization ratio, software
Citation: Kalkanci, M., Özer, I., Developing a software calculating fabric consumption of various bathrobe models, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 406–411, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1550
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Article: The potential of biofilms from moving bed bioreactors to increase the efficiency of textile industry wastewater treatment
Authors: IOANA CORINA MOGA, IOAN ARDELEAN, GABRIEL PETRESCU, NICOLAE CRĂCIUN, RADU POPA
Pages 412-418
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1500
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Textile industry processes produce some of the most heavily polluted wastewater worldwide. Wastewater from textile
industry is also highly variable (it varies with time and among factories) and contains wide diversity of pollutants. This
makes the treatment of textile industry effluents, complex, site-specific and expensive. Numerous combinations of
wastewater treatment technologies are currently applied in the textile industry, yet methods that work for one emitter are
often unsuitable, insufficient, not necessary or unsustainable to another. As textile industry evolves, its water treatment
research also has to keep pace with increasing demands. The broader aim of the textile industry wastewater treatment
is to maximize the efficiency of pollutant removal, while releasing effluents that society considers as being
environmentally acceptable or safe. In the last ten years great strides have been made in the ability to lower the
biological oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonium (NH4+) in wastewater. These advances elicit the question: can
intensifying the usage of such technologies in the textile industry also increase its efficiency? The research team
analysed water treatment by aerobic biomineralization via microbial biofilms immobilized on solid surfaces and hosted
in Moving Bed Bio-Reactors (MBBRs). These biofilms are selected for carbon oxidation and ammonia oxidation. The
authors compare the potential of active sludge biotreatment with the performance of MBBRs. The results are used to
evaluate the potential of MBBRs as a cost-reducing solution in textile wastewater treatment plants. Our analysis
supports that upgrading such stations to more heavily usage of MBBR biotechnology would increase their sustainability
and environmental friendliness. The authors also discuss research directions and milestones for expanding the effects
of MBBRs on the textile industry wastewater treatment.
Keywords: biofilms, wastewater treatment, BOD, ammonia, textile industry
Citation: Moga, I.C., Ardelean, I., Petrescu, G., Crăciun, N., Popa, R., The potential of biofilms from moving bed bioreactors to increase the efficiency of textile industry wastewater treatment, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 412–418, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1500
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Article: Insulation materials for buildings – a successful research & development collaboration for the Romanian wool fibres manufacturing
Authors: PYERINA-CARMEN GHIȚULEASA, CEZAR BULACU, EFTALEA CĂRPUȘ, ANA ENCIU, ANGELA DOROGAN, EMILIA VISILEANU
Pages 419-421
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1579
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Having in view the sustainable development context, the textile sector represents a strong pillar of the Romanian
manufacturing industry, which is able to contribute to the valorization of natural indigenous raw materials. The paper
presents economic aspects in the base of the results obtained through developing/ implementing a research project
financed by the National Sectorial Program, coordinated by the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, aiming
to establish strategic solutions for capitalization of Romanian coarse wool fibers. There are emphasized the project’s
results obtained by the collaboration of three important actors from research activity and economic environment: the
National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather – INCDTP Bucharest, the only R&D Institute in
Romania, SC MINET SA Company, Râmnicu Vâlcea county – a representative manufacturing company for nonwoven
materials and the Research Institute for Sheep and Goats Breeding, Palas, Constanța county, partners in the consortium
coordinated by the National Research and Development Institute in Constructions, Urban Planning and Sustainable
Spatial Development URBAN-INCERC Bucharest.
Keywords: Romanian wool fibres, innovation, efficiency, business entrepreneurial initiatives, technical textiles for buildings
Citation: Ghițuleasa, P.C., Bulacu, C., Cărpuș, E., Enciu, A., Dorogan, A., Visileanu, E., Insulation materials for buildings –a successful research & development collaboration for the Romanian wool fibres manufacturing, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 419–421, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1579
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Article: Future directions in tissue repair using biomaterials
Authors: ANDREEA GROSU-BULARDA, ALEXANDRU CHIOTOROIU, ELENA-LUMINITA STANCIULESCU
Pages 422-426
DOI: 10.35530/IT.069.05.1506
Published online: October 2018
Abstract
Complex soft tissue defects are often challenging to approach using conventional surgical reconstructive techniques.
Although autologous tissue repair is still the gold standard in reconstructive surgery, there are particular situations when
autografts are not available. Human allografts remains an alternative solution, but with considerable drawbacks
regarding availability, immunologic reactions and risk of infectious diseases transmission. Synthetic products used in
surgical reconstructions are associated with poor long-term outcomes.
Tissue engineering developed based on these reconstructive limitations. Recently, biological scaffolds have been
introduced as important players in surgical strategies of tissue reconstruction. A large panel of extracellular matrices
cultured with different cell populations has been used, and promising results were reported in complex tissue loss repair
including bone, muscles, nerves, blood vessels and skin defects.
Future research is mandatory to standardize the bioengineered structures, in order to get the best outcome regarding
volume restoration, function regaining, vascular integration and long term stability of the reconstruction.
We desire to identify the research area which can be successfully applied in our country, based on an interdisciplinary
collaboration between medical institutions, molecular biology laboratories and technical research institutes. We consider
very useful to promote a strategy for soft tissue repair and immunomodulation using mesenchymal progenitors from
different sources (bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood) seeded on solid scaffolds. This approach will
increase the multi-institutional partnership, permitting the development of new reconstructive strategies for patients with
tissue defects, more accessible for local medical institutions, with an affordable cost and in appropriate timing for regain
the quality of life.
Keywords: tissue repair, biomaterials, tissue engineering, mesenchymal stem cells
Citation: Grosu-Bularda, A., Chiotoroiu, A., Stanciulescu, E.-L., Future directions in tissue repair using biomaterials, In: Industria Textila, 2018, 69, 5, 422–426, http://doi.org/10.35530/IT.069.05.1506
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